Publications

2024

1. WACV

   pSTarC: Pseudo Source Guided Target Clustering for Fully Test-Time Adaptation

   Manogna Sreenivas, Goirik Chakrabarty, and Soma Biswas

   In Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, 2024

   Abs Code Website

   Test Time Adaptation (TTA) is a pivotal concept in machine learning, enabling models to perform well in real-world scenarios, where test data distribution differs from training. In this work, we propose a novel approach called pseudo Source guided Target Clustering (pSTarC) addressing the relatively unexplored area of TTA under real-world domain shifts. This method draws inspiration from target clustering techniques and exploits the source classifier for generating pseudo-source samples. The test samples are strategically aligned with these pseudo-source samples, facilitating their clustering and thereby enhancing TTA performance. pSTarC operates solely within the fully test-time adaptation protocol, removing the need for actual source data. Experimental validation on a variety of domain shift datasets, namely VisDA, Office-Home, DomainNet-126, CIFAR-100C verifies pSTarC’s effectiveness. This method exhibits significant improvements in prediction accuracy along with efficient computational requirements. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the universality of the pSTarC framework by showing its effectiveness for the continuous TTA framework.

2023

1. TMLR

   SANTA: Source Anchoring Network and Target Alignment for Continual Test Time Adaptation

   Goirik Chakrabarty, Manogna Sreenivas, and Soma Biswas

   In Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2023

   Abs Code Website

   Adapting a trained model to perform satisfactorily on continually changing test environments is an important and challenging task. In this work, we propose a novel framework, SANTA, which aims to satisfy the following characteristics required for online adaptation: 1) can work effectively for different (even small) batch sizes; 2) should continue to work well on the source domain; 3) should have minimal tunable hyperparameters and storage requirements. Given a pre-trained network trained on source domain data, the proposed framework modifies the affine parameters of the batch normalization layers using source anchoring based self-distillation. This ensures that the model incorporates knowledge from the newly encountered domains, without catastrophically forgetting the previously seen domains. We also propose a source-prototype driven contrastive alignment to ensure natural grouping of the target samples, while maintaining the already learnt semantic information. Extensive evaluation on three benchmark datasets under challenging settings justify the effectiveness of SANTA for real-world applications.

2. ICCVW

   A Simple Signal for Domain Shift

   Goirik Chakrabarty, Manogna Sreenivas, and Soma Biswas

   In ICCV Workshops, 2023

   Abs

   Test time domain adaptation has come to the forefront as a challenging scenario in recent times. Although single domain test-time adaptation has been well studied and shown impressive performance, this can be limiting when the model is deployed in a dynamic test environment. We explore this continual domain test time adaptation problem here. Specifically, we question if we can translate the effectiveness of single domain adaptation methods to continuous test-time adaptation scenario. We take a step towards bridging the gap between these two settings by proposing a domain shift detection mechanism and hence allowing us to employ the current test-time adaptation methods even in a continual setting. We propose to use the given source domain trained model to continually measure the similarity between the feature representations of the consecutive batches. A domain shift is detected when this measure crosses a certain threshold, which we use as a trigger to reset the model back to source and continue test-time adaptation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by performing experiments across datasets, batch sizes and different single domain test-time adaptation baselines.

3. ICLRW

   Domain Shift Signal for Low Resource Continuous Test-Time Adaptation

   Goirik Chakrabarty, Manogna Sreenivas, and Soma Biswas

   In ICLR Workshops, 2023

   Abs PDF

   Test time domain adaptation has come to the forefront as a challenging scenario in recent times. Although single domain test-time adaptation has been well studied and shown impressive performance, this can be limiting when the model is deployed in a dynamic test environment. We explore this continual domain test time adaptation problem here. Specifically, we question if we can translate the effectiveness of single domain adaptation methods to continuous test-time adaptation scenario. We propose to use the given source domain trained model to continually measure the similarity between the feature representations of the consecutive batches. A domain shift is detected when this measure falls below a certain threshold, which we use as a trigger to reset the model back to source and continue test-time adaptation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by performing experiments across datasets, batch sizes and different single domain test-time adaptation baselines. This can have a significant impact in a variety of applications, from healthcare and agriculture to transportation and finance. As a result, this research has the potential to greatly benefit developing countries by providing new tools and techniques for building more effective and efficient machine learning systems.